Darwin's Concept of Evolution "The Theory of Descent with Modification

question 11

Multiple Choice

Darwin's concept of evolution "the theory of descent with modification through variation and natural selection" can be demonstrated by which of the following examples?

• A)A giraffe stretches his neck to reach higher branches.The exercise of stretching up strengthens the muscles in the neck and legs.This ability to stretch is also seen in the giraffe's offspring.
• B)A monkey accidently drops her fruit in the salty water of a bay,she recovers the fruit and eats it.She discovers that the fruit is cleaner and tastes better after it has been in the salty water.She continues to wash fruit in the bay before eating.Her offspring see what she has done and also wash their fruit in the salty water.Soon the whole population is washing their fruit.
• C)Several turtles hatch from a clutch of eggs buried in the sand on a beach.One of the turtles is the color of the sand,the others are darker in color.The turtles all scurry to the water,but one by one the dark turtles are eaten by birds,only the sand colored turtle survives.When it enters the water the sand color changes to a darker brown.The turtle grows,mates and has offspring that are also sand colored when they are born.
• D)A female alligator gives birth to a male alligator that has the ability to change color to a bright white when it is in cold water.The baby male alligator is quickly spotted by a large bird of prey and eaten.

---

Definitions:

Vascular Cambium

A layer of growth tissue in plants that produces new phloem and xylem cells, contributing to stem and root thickness.

Sclerenchyma Tissue

A type of plant tissue composed of thick-walled cells that provide structural support, commonly found in regions of the plant that are no longer elongating.

Secondary Growth

In plants, a growth pattern resulting in the thickening of stems and roots, primarily through the activity of the vascular cambium.

Cork Cambium

A type of cambium that produces cork tissue for protection and waterproofing in plant stems and roots.