The English and French Monarchies Both Aspired to Royal Absolutism

question 38

Essay

The English and French monarchies both aspired to royal absolutism in the seventeenth century, but met with opposition from groups that sought to share that power.Discuss the challenges to absolutism in both countries, as well as the efforts to overcome this opposition.

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Definitions:

Labor Efficiency Variance

The difference between the actual hours worked and the standard hours expected, multiplied by the standard hourly wage rate.

Materials Quantity Variance

The difference between the actual quantity of materials used in production and the expected quantity, multiplied by the standard cost per unit.

Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance

The difference between the actual variable overhead incurred and the standard cost allocated for the actual production achieved.

Labor Rate Variance

The difference between the actual cost of direct labor and the expected (or budgeted) cost, based on standard rates and actual hours worked.