Explain the Study Conducted by John B

question 23

Essay

Explain the study conducted by John B.Watson with Little Albert.
Watson showed the classical conditioning was at the root of many learned fears by conditioning an 11 month old infant named Albert to be afraid of rats."Little Albert" was frightened by loud noises but had no fear of rats.In the study,the experimenters sounded a loud noise just as they showed Little Albert a rat.The noise evoked fear.After a few pairings of the noise and the rat,Albert began to show fear of the rat by itself,bursting into tears when he saw it.The rat had become a conditioned stimulus that brought about the conditioned response.The effects of the conditioning lingered since five days later Albert reacted with fear not only when shown a rat,but when shown objects that looked similar to the white,furry rat,including a white rabbit,a white seal-skin coat,and even a white Santa Claus mask.

Assess externalities and their impacts on social welfare.

Evaluate the role of public policy in addressing free-rider problems and externalities.

Comprehend the characteristics and examples of each of the four types of goods discussed.

Understand the concept of public goods, including the free-rider problem and its implications for the provision of public goods.

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Definitions:

Markets

Platforms or venues where buyers and sellers meet to exchange goods, services, or financial instruments, determining prices through supply and demand.

Risk-Adjusted

A method or measurement that normalizes the performance of an investment by taking into account the amount of risk involved in producing its returns.

Mutual Fund Performance Measures

Metrics used to evaluate and compare the performance of mutual funds, including measures of risk, return, and the adjustment of performance for risk.

Nearly Efficient Markets

Markets where prices reflect all available information to some degree but may not always be perfectly efficient.