Automatic Stabilizers Operate in Which of the Following Ways

question 25

Multiple Choice

Automatic stabilizers operate in which of the following ways?

• A)An annually balanced budget will automatically tend to offset the destabilizing effects created by provincial and territorial governments and, thereby, stabilizes the economy.
• B)With given tax rates and government spending policies, a rise in GDP will tend to produce a budget surplus, while a decline will tend to result in a deficit.
• C)Parliament will automatically change the tax structure and spending programs to correct upswings and downturns in business activity.
• D)Government purchases and tax receipts automatically balance over the course of the business cycle, though they may be out of balance in any single year.
• E)Tax rates are automatically increased during recessions and decreased during inflationary periods

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Definitions:

Self-Management Process

The continuum of techniques or strategies employed by individuals to control their own behavior and cognitive processes to achieve personal objectives.

Covert Positive Reinforcement

A technique in behavioral psychology where positive outcomes are indirectly provided to reinforce desired behaviors without the subject's direct awareness.

Bootleg Reinforcers

Unplanned or unauthorized rewards that can maintain or increase an undesired behavior, often complicating behavior modification efforts.

Self-Reinforcement

A phase of self-management and an intervention technique. The process involves teaching students to either provide themselves with a tangible reinforcer after completing a desired behavior or engage in positive self-statements. Self-evaluation and self-monitoring are necessary prerequisites.