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Given the Following Process Layout Data for Locating Four Departments

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Given the following process layout data for locating four departments (A, B, C, and D) in four areas (1, 2, 3, and 4):  Distances (meters)  Flows (loads per week  From/To 12341501001502501003504 From/To  A  B  C  D  A 104050 B 301070 C 601040 D 305020\begin{array}{l}\text { Distances (meters) } \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad \text { Flows (loads per week }\\\begin{array}{rlll}\text { From/To } & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\\hline 1 & - & 50 & 100 & 150 \\2 & & - & 50 & 100 \\3 & & & - & 50 \\4 & & & & -\end{array}\quad\quad\begin{array}{rlll}\text { From/To } & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } \\\hline \text { A } & - & 10 & 40 & 50 \\\text { B } & 30 & - & 10 & 70 \\\text { C } & 60 & 10 & - & 40 \\\text { D } & 30 & 50 & 20 & -\end{array}\end{array} What is the distance from area 3 to area 1?


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Specialized Services

Custom or niche services offered to address specific needs of a particular customer segment or market.

3PL Study

An examination or research focused on third-party logistics providers, covering aspects like efficiency, services, and impact on supply chains.

Third-party Suppliers

External entities that provide goods or services to a company, which are not part of the company's internal operations or supply chain.

Vertical Integration

A strategy where a company expands its business operations into different steps on the same production path, such as when a manufacturer owns its supplier and/or distributor.

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