The Following Data Show the Relationship Between the Number of Drivers

question 4

Multiple Choice

The following data show the relationship between the number of drivers who leave for work at 8:00 am,their average commute times,and their marginal benefit associated with the commute times. $$\begin{array} { c c c } \begin{array} { c } \text { Number of drivers } \\ \underline {\text { that leave at 8:00am }}\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Average commute } \\ \underline {\text { time to downtown }}\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Marginal } \\ \underline {\text { Benefit }}\end{array} \\ 100 & 30 \text { minutes } & \$ 10 \\200 & 65 \text { minutes } & \$ 8 \\300 & 110 \text { minutes } & \$ 4 \\400 & 170 \text { minutes } & \$ 3 \\500 & 260 \text { minutes } & \$ 1\end{array}$$
Refer to the information given above.The reason drivers would prefer building new roads to a $5 toll to reduce commute times is because:

• A) building roads is the only cost-effective solution.
• B) they know a toll would not alter commuting behavior.
• C) a tax solves the commitment problem.
• D) the cost of new roads falls on all taxpayers;the toll only falls on those who use the existing road.

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Definitions:

Asymmetric Carbon

A carbon atom bonded to four different groups, creating a chiral center and potentially optical activity in the molecule.

R or S

Descriptors in chemistry that indicate the absolute configuration of chiral centers in molecules, determining their spatial arrangement as right-handed (R) or left-handed (S).

Stereochemistry

The study of the spatial arrangement of atoms within molecules and its influence on the chemical and physical properties of substances.

(S)-3-chloro-3-methylhexane

A chiral compound with a specific three-dimensional arrangement around the chiral center, designated by the (S) configuration.