The Sample Standard Deviation Is a Biased Estimator of the Population

question 23

Multiple Choice

The sample standard deviation is a biased estimator of the population standard deviation. When using sample means as estimators, we correct for bias in the formula for finding confidence intervals by________.

• A) using N - 1 rather than N.
• B) using N rather than N - 1.
• C) using s rather than Z.
• D) squaring the value of Z.

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