Using the Thermodynamic Data Provided Below, Calculate the Standard Change

question 118

Multiple Choice

Using the thermodynamic data provided below, calculate the standard change in entropy when one mole of sodium nitrate is dissolved in water. $\begin{array}{|l|c|}\hline & \mathrm{S}^{\circ}(\mathrm{J} / \mathrm{K} \cdot \mathrm{~mol}) \\\hline \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{s}) & 116.3 \\\hline \mathrm{Na}^{+}(a q) & 60.25 \\\hline \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}(a q) & 146.4 \\\hline\end{array}$ Will the solubility of sodium nitrate increase or decrease if the temperature of the system is increased

• A) -90.4 J/K·mol; solubility decreases with increasing temperature
• B) -90.4 J/K·mol; solubility increases with increasing temperature
• C) 90.4 J/K·mol; solubility decreases with increasing temperature
• D) 90.4 J/K·mol; solubility increases with increasing temperature
• E) None of the above

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Definitions:

Z

In statistics, typically refers to a standard score indicating how many standard deviations an element is from the mean.

Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis in statistical analysis that assumes no significant difference or effect exists between certain characteristics, conditions, or variables.

Significance Level

The significance level, also known as alpha, is a pre-determined threshold for statistical significance, used to decide whether an observed effect is not due to chance.

P-values

A numerical measure that helps in determining the significance of results obtained in statistical hypothesis testing, indicating the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the ones observed during the test, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.