Use the Following to Answer Question(s): Correcting for Market Failure

question 94

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer question(s) : Correcting for Market Failure: External Cost

-(Exhibit: Correcting for Market Failure: External Cost) Assume that there is an external cost involved, as illustrated in the exhibit.If the government sector forces the private sector firms to face the external cost, the supply curve _______ from _______ to ________ .

• A) shifts right; S₂; S₁
• B) shifts left; S₁; S₂
• C) remains unchanged; S₁; S₁
• D) remains unchanged; S₂; S₂

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Definitions:

Simple Money Multiplier

The reciprocal of the required reserve ratio, or 1/r; the maximum multiple of fresh reserves by which the money supply can increase.

Required Reserve Ratio

The fraction of deposits that banks are required to hold in reserve, either in their vaults or with the central bank, not to be used for loans.

Excess Reserves

The excess funds that a bank or financial institution maintains beyond the minimum mandated by regulatory bodies, creditors, or its own internal policies.

Money Supply

The total amount of money—cash, coins, and balances in bank accounts—in circulation within a country's economy at a specific time.