Compared to Medieval Europe in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries,the

question 55

Multiple Choice

Compared to medieval Europe in the eleventh and twelfth centuries,the Islamic world was:

• A) less diverse ethnically.
• B) largely united politically.
• C) less advanced in technological sophistication, science, and philosophy.
• D) more advanced in technological sophistication, science, and philosophy.
• E) comparable in terms of economics, politics, and technology.

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Definitions:

Degrees of Freedom

Degrees of freedom refer to the number of independent pieces of information used in the calculation of a statistic, often related to the number of samples minus the number of parameters estimated.

P Value

A statistical measure that indicates whether the results of an experiment are significant, specifically it measures the probability of observing the given results if the null hypothesis were true.

Type II Error

Error that occurs when the alternative hypothesis is true but the decision is made to not reject the null hypothesis.

Nonparametric Test

A type of statistical test that does not assume the data comes from a particular distribution, often used when data doesn't meet the assumptions of parametric tests.