Explain the Difference Between Proximate Causation and Ultimate (Evolutionary)causation

question 25

Essay

Explain the difference between proximate causation and ultimate (evolutionary)causation.

Recognize the relationship between phobias and avoidance behaviors.

Identify treatments and their appropriateness for different phobias.

Understand the concepts of obsession and compulsion and their impacts.

Differentiate between social and specific phobias.

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Definitions:

Incentives

Incentives are rewards or penalties that motivate individuals to perform certain actions or modify behavior.

Drive-Reduction Theory

A psychological motivation model that explains behavior as being driven by the desire to reduce needs and return to a state of homeostasis.

Yerkes-Dodson Law

A psychological principle stating that performance increases with arousal up to an optimal point, after which it decreases as arousal levels become too high.

Arousal Theory

A theory in psychology that suggests motivation is driven by levels of arousal, where individuals are motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal.