Tests Relevant Primarily to White Middle-Class Students Produce Inaccurate and Misleading

question 58

Multiple Choice

Tests relevant primarily to white middle-class students produce inaccurate and misleading test scores when administered to lower-class African-American students.This was the conclusion of a court in which of the following cases?

• A) Diana v. State Board of Education (1970)
• B) Hobson v. Hansen (1967)
• C) Larry P. v. Riles (1979)
• D) Debra v. Turlington (1981)

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Definitions:

Esteem

The respect, admiration, or high regard that an individual is held in by others or themselves; often relates to one's reputation or standing within a community.

Belonging

An emotional need to be part of a group, feeling connected and accepted by others.

Maslow's Need Hierarchy

A theory in psychology that prioritizes human needs in a pyramid structure, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization at the top.

Lower Needs

Basic physiological and safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy, such as food, water, shelter, and security.