Phil Is a Participant in a Study Designed to Examine

question 45

Multiple Choice

Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a dietary supplement on muscle tissue development.Phil suspects he is in the experimental group,because he is certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers.When the study is completed,Phil learns that he did not receive the dietary supplement.Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake-he is certain his muscle mass increased while he took the supplement.According to this information,Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of

• A)participant fatigue.
• B)human subject bias.
• C)the placebo effect.
• D)an anecdotal report.

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Definitions:

Sigmund Freud

Originating from Austria, this individual was a neurologist and initiated psychoanalysis, which is a method of healing mental health issues through discussions between a psychoanalyst and the person undergoing treatment.

Karen Horney

A German psychoanalyst known for her theory of neurotic needs and her work on neurosis, particularly the ways in which it pertains to women.

Psychodynamic Theories

Theories proposing that behavior is the result of internal psychological forces that often stem from childhood experiences.

Dynamic Interaction

The continuous and changing interplay between individuals or elements in a system or process.