_____ Is a Perceptual Error That Occurs When a Rater

question 21

Multiple Choice

_____ is a perceptual error that occurs when a rater forms an overall impression about an object and then uses that impression to bias ratings about the object.

• A)Contrast effect
• B)Recency effect
• C)Central tendency
• D)Leniency
• E)Halo

Assess the validity of research conclusions based on study design and sample selection.

Distinguish between various research designs, including difference-in-differences, regression discontinuity, and intention to treat.

Critically analyze case studies for underlying biases and logical fallacies.

Understand the principles of brain plasticity, including how sensory experiences can reshape neural pathways.

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Definitions:

Indirect Influence

The effect on individuals or processes that is not directly imposed but occurs through secondary or less obvious channels.

Federal Bureaucracy

The collection of government agencies and institutions that implement and administer federal laws and programs.

Administrative Law Judges

Officials within federal or state agencies who conduct hearings and make decisions on disputes involving the agency's regulations.

Political Support

Backing provided to a politician or political party by voters, often reflected through electoral support or public endorsement.