Tanisha Was Just Diagnosed with an Aggressive Form of Breast

question 38

Multiple Choice

Tanisha was just diagnosed with an aggressive form of breast cancer called HER2.The cancer started because

• A)she has a deletion in the BRCA1 gene that is found in African-American and Ashkenazi Jewish women.
• B)her affected breast cells have many extra receptors for epidermal growth factor,and so they receive too many signals to divide.
• C)her affected cells have extra genes for epidermal growth factor,sending signals for the cells to divide too frequently.
• D)a translocation occurred between chromosomes 7 and 8,generating and activating a breast-specific oncogene.

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Definitions:

Standard Deviation

A measure of the dispersion or variability of a set of data points, indicating how spread out the values are from the mean of the data set.

Biased Estimates

Estimates that are systematically off-target in a certain direction due to errors in methodology or sample selection.

Absolute Value

The non-negative value of a number without regard to its sign; for example, the absolute value of both -5 and 5 is 5.

Variance

A statistical measure that represents the degree of spread or variability of a data set, by calculating the average of the squared differences from the mean.