Josh Runs into Heavy Traffic Every Day While Driving to Work.Yesterday,he

question 22

Multiple Choice

Josh runs into heavy traffic every day while driving to work.Yesterday,he left home earlier than usual and did not run into heavy traffic.Again,today,he left earlier and avoided heavy traffic.His behavior of leaving earlier enabled him to avoid heavy traffic and reach the office on time.In which of the following processes did Josh engage?

• A) positive reinforcement
• B) extinction
• C) punishment
• D) negative reinforcement
• E) intermittent reinforcement

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Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

Learning in which previously existing behaviors come to be elicited by new stimuli.

Goal-Directed Behavior

Refers to actions that are carried out with a specific outcome or objective in mind.

Coordination

The ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently.

A-not-B Error

A cognitive mistake observed in infancy, where children will search for an object in the last place they found it (A) rather than its new location (B), demonstrating an aspect of cognitive development.