The First-Stage in an Instrumental Variable Approach to Control for Measurement

question 9

Multiple Choice

The first-stage in an instrumental variable approach to control for measurement error in an independent variable is

• A)regressing the mis-measured variable on only the exogenous variables in the original regression equation and using those estimates to calculate predicted values of the mis-measured variable.
• B)regressing the mis-measured variable on only the alternative value of the mis-measured variable.
• C)estimating the original population regression model with the predicted values of the mis-measured variable substituted for the observed values of the endogenous variable.
• D)regressing the mis-measured variable on both the alternative measure of the mis-measured variable and all of the remaining exogenous variables and using those estimates to calculate predicted values of the mis-measured variable.

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Definitions:

First Session

The initial meeting or engagement in a series, such as therapy or counseling, setting the foundation for subsequent interactions.

Responsibilities

Duties or tasks that an individual is expected or required to carry out, often as part of a role in society, work, or family.

Nurse-Patient Relationship

A professional, therapeutic connection between a nurse and a patient, foundational to effective nursing care.

Working Phase

The middle stage in a therapeutic relationship or intervention process where the majority of therapeutic work occurs, including exploration and addressing of client issues.