A Rat Learns to Climb a Ladder to a Platform

question 238

Multiple Choice

A rat learns to climb a ladder to a platform where it can pull a string to raise the ladder and then climb the ladder again. The reinforcement for each response is the opportunity to perform the next response. This procedure is known as

• A) shaping.
• B) chaining.
• C) stimulus generalization.
• D) primary reinforcement.

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Definitions:

Marginal Utility

The change in total utility a person receives from consuming an additional unit of a good or service.

Utility Function

A mathematical representation that ranks an individual's preferences over a set of goods and services, based on the level of satisfaction or utility derived.

Optimal Utility Rule

A principle in consumer theory stating that consumers allocate their income in a way that maximizes their total utility, given their budget constraint.

Indifference Curve

A graph representing combinations of goods or services among which a consumer is indifferent, showing the same level of utility for each point along the curve.