Protecting Our Self-Esteem by Creating Excuses in Situations That We

question 45

Multiple Choice

Protecting our self-esteem by creating excuses in situations that we expect to do poorly in is called

• A) self-defeating ambivalence.
• B) the primacy effect.
• C) the discounting principle.
• D) self-handicapping strategy.

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Definitions:

Positive Linear Relationship

A relationship between two variables where an increase in one variable is associated with an increase in the other variable, depicted as a straight line.

No Relationship

A situation where two variables do not display any association, correlation, or cause-and-effect interaction with each other.

Independent Variable

The variable in an experiment that is manipulated by the researcher to examine its effect on the dependent variable.

Direction of Cause and Effect

Pertains to determining which variable influences the other in a cause-and-effect relationship.