In 2000, Three Candidates Appeared on Virtually All Ballots in the US

question 11

Essay

In 2000, three candidates appeared on virtually all ballots in the US Presidential election: George W.Bush, Al Gore and Ralph Nadar.Bush arguably won the election by 537 votes in Florida where Ralph Nadar received nearly 100,000 votes.It is often argued that Al Gore would have won the election had Ralph Nadar not been on the ballot in Florida.Discuss how this suggests that the social choice process the US uses to elect Presidents does not satisfy the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives (IIA) assumption in Arrow's theorem.

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Definitions:

Telephone Consumer Protection Act

A U.S. law established to protect consumers from unwanted telemarketing calls, faxes, and SMS text messages through regulatory guidelines.

CAN-SPAM Act

A law enacted in the United States that sets rules for commercial email, establishes requirements for commercial messages, and gives recipients the right to have emails stopped from being sent to them.

High-Definition Televisions

Televisions that offer higher resolution and better quality images compared to standard-definition televisions.

Communication Technology

Tools and platforms that facilitate the transfer of information between entities through electronic means.