The Fact That Animals with No History of Opioid Withdrawal

question 33

Multiple Choice

The fact that animals with no history of opioid withdrawal will press a lever to self-administer low doses of intravenous morphine or heroin demonstrates the importance of ____________ in developing opioid dependence.

• A)withdrawal symptoms
• B)positive reinforcement
• C)peer pressure
• D)tolerance

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Definitions:

Punishment

A method used to reduce or eliminate undesirable behavior by imposing negative consequences.

Aggressive

A behavior characterized by assertiveness and readiness to confront or attack, often associated with hostility or competitiveness.

Noncreative

Lacking originality, innovation, or the ability to produce new or unique ideas or outcomes.

Positive Reinforcement

A process by which rewarding a behavior immediately after it occurs increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated.