Cysts ​ After Researching Cysts of a Particular Type,a Doctor

question 201

Essay

Cysts
​ After researching cysts of a particular type,a doctor learns that out of 10,000 such cysts examined,1,500 are malignant and 8,500 are benign.A diagnostic test is available which is accurate 80% of the time (whether the cyst is malignant or not).The doctor has discovered the same type of cyst in a patient. ​ ​
-{Cysts Narrative} What is the probability that the patient has a benign tumor if he or she tests positive?

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Definitions:

Interlocking Directorates

A situation where members of a company's board of directors serve on the boards of multiple companies, often leading to conflicts of interest or collusion.

Per Se Violation

A legal doctrine in antitrust law where certain business activities are considered illegal in themselves, regardless of their harm or outcomes.

Antitrust Laws

Legislation enacted to prevent new monopolies from forming and promote competition by prohibiting agreements, practices, or mergers that restrain trade or reduce competition.

Conspiracy

An agreement between two or more persons to commit an illegal act or to accomplish a legal end through illegal actions.