[Solved] Down syndrome is associated with which of the following karyotypes? A) 47, XXY B) 47, XXX C) 46, XY D) 47, XY, trisomy 21 E) 45, XO Contribution Margin: The difference between sales revenue and variable costs, indicating how much revenue is contributing to covering fixed costs and generating profit. Machine Hours: Machine hours measure the total operation time of machinery within a production process, often used as a basis for allocating overhead costs. Markup Percentage: The percentage added to the cost price of goods to cover overhead and profit in the selling price. Total Cost Method: An accounting approach that aggregates all costs associated with the production of goods or services to determine their overall expense.