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Apply the principles of logical equivalence and negation, especially in the context of quantifiers.
Distinguish between different logical rules and their applications in proofs.
Symbolize expressions involving relationships, ownership, and attributes correctly.
Critically evaluate logical inferences to determine the accuracy and validity of arguments.

Definitions:

Selling Expenses

Costs incurred directly in the selling or distribution of goods or services, such as advertising, promotional materials, and sales staff salaries.

Gross Profit

The profit a company makes after deducting the costs associated with making and selling its products, or the costs associated with providing its services.

Ownership Test

Criteria used to determine if an individual or entity has the necessary ownership interest in a property or investment to qualify for certain tax benefits.

Personal Residence

The home in which a person or family lives as their primary place of residence, potentially qualifying for certain tax benefits.

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