Figure: a Researcher Examined Whether Interrogators Who Expect a Suspect to to Be

question 23

Multiple Choice

Figure:
A researcher examined whether interrogators who expect a suspect to be guilty,rather than innocent,use more persuasive interrogation techniques.The researcher created a laboratory situation in which students (the "suspects") were randomly assigned to actually commit a crime or not commit a crime by following a set of instructions given to them.Student interrogators then interviewed a suspect;they were randomly assigned to conditions that led them to believe the suspect was guilty or innocent of the crime.Observers rated the effort used by interrogators to obtain a confession using a 1-10 rating scale (higher scores indicate greater effort) .
Suppose the researcher observed the following means for each group:
-The means used to describe the main effect of Interrogator Expectation are

• A)0.0 and 6.0.
• B)9.0 and 6.0.
• C)6.0 and 12.0.
• D)6.0 and 6.0.

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Definitions:

Recycling

The process of converting waste materials into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce consumption of fresh raw materials, energy usage, and air and water pollution.

Cognitive Dissonance

The psychological discomfort experienced by an individual who holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values at the same time.

Validity Effect

The phenomenon where repeated exposure to a statement increases the likelihood of accepting it as true.

Fundamental Attribution Error

is the tendency to overemphasize personality traits and underestimate situational factors when explaining others' behaviors.