When John Reacts to His Partner's Complaints by Cross-Complaining,which Form

question 17

Multiple Choice

When John reacts to his partner's complaints by cross-complaining,which form of miscommunication is he manifesting?

• A) Belligerence
• B) Contempt
• C) Criticism
• D) Defensiveness

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Definitions:

Blocking Effect

A result showing that an animal learns nothing about a stimulus if the stimulus provides no new information.

Conditioning

A behavioral process whereby a response becomes more frequent or more predictable in a given environment as a result of reinforcement, with reinforcement typically being a stimulus or reward for a desired response.

Surprise

An emotional response to unexpected events or information, characterized by heightened interest and physiological arousal.

Conditioned Emotional Response

A type of learned response in which an emotional reaction is elicited by a previously neutral stimulus through conditioning.