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A low f-number
Phyletic Gradualism
The idea that evolution occurs by a slow, steady accumulation of genetic changes over time; also called gradualism. Compare with punctuated equilibrium.
Stabilizing Selection
A type of natural selection that favors the average individuals in a population, reducing variation.
Fossil Record
The accumulation of evidences, such as bones, shells, or imprints, left by organisms in sedimentary rocks, providing a historical sequence of life on Earth.
Speciation
The evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species, typically through genetic isolation from other populations.
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