What Are the Physiological Changes That Occur in the Heart

question 22

Multiple Choice

What are the physiological changes that occur in the heart as a result of chronic heart failure?

• A) Chronic heart failure causes the cardiac muscle to undergo hypertrophy, where the walls of the heart chambers increase in size and undergo structural remodeling in an attempt to generate more forceful contractions.
• B) Chronic heart failure causes the weakness of the mitral valves, which increases the movement of blood from the atria to the ventricles.
• C) Chronic heart failure causes the weakness of the aorta, which slows the movement of blood from the left ventricle to the body.
• D) Chronic heart failure causes the blockage of norepinephrine and epinephrine receptors, which increases the heart rate and the force of myocardial contraction.

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