Which Variable Has the Stronger Influence on the Color of an Individual's

question 51

Multiple Choice

Which variable has the stronger influence on the color of an individual's skin?

• A) the individual's phenotype
• B) the amount of time spent in the sun
• C) the amount of time spent in the sun and the individual's genotype
• D) the individual's genotype
• E) Neither the sun nor the individual's genotype have any influence on the individual's skin color. Skin color is due to a combination of an individual's genotype as well as the environmental influence.

Identify the impact of reinforcement schedules on behavior and learning.

Distinguish between primary and secondary reinforcers and their roles in reinforcement.

Explain the effect of delayed reinforcement on behavior.

Understand the role of reinforcement in the law of effect and behavior repetition.

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Definitions:

Bicarbonate Ion

A negatively charged ion (HCO3-) that is a significant component of the blood buffer system, regulating pH balance.

Fetal Hemoglobin

A type of hemoglobin that is present in fetuses and newborn babies, offering higher oxygen affinity than adult hemoglobin.

Maternal Hemoglobin

The oxygen-carrying protein found in the red blood cells of a pregnant woman, crucial for both maternal and fetal health.

Oxygenation

The process of adding oxygen to the body’s tissues, essential for cellular metabolism and energy production.