List two biological factors that may account for the finding that women live longer than do men.
Definitions:
Signals
Actions or indicators that convey information or intentions in various contexts, such as economics, where they can indicate future behavior or trends.
Reputation
A long-term standing in the public regard that serves to reassure others that private information is not being concealed; a valuable asset in the face of adverse selection.
Diversification
The strategy of allocating investments or resources among various financial instruments, industries, or other categories to reduce risk.
Economic Losses
Financial shortfalls that occur when a firm's total costs surpass its total revenues, leading to a negative profit margin.
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