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Oxygen,O,(number 8) ,sulfur,S,(number 16) ,and selenium,Se,(number 34) have such similar chemical properties because
P-value
The probability of observing test results at least as extreme as the results actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.
Statistically Significant
Indicates that the result of a statistical analysis is unlikely to have occurred by chance alone, according to a predefined significance level.
Null Hypothesis
A statement used in statistical testing that assumes no effect or no difference between groups, serving as the default assumption to test against.
Alternative Hypotheses
In statistics, alternative hypotheses suggest that there is a significant difference, effect, or relationship between two variables.
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