Which of the Following Statements Is FALSE

question 45

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

• A)The relationship between managerial ownership and firm value is unlikely to be the same for every firm,or even for different executives of the same firm.
• B)Even with the risk benefits of separating ownership and control,there are still examples of corporations in which the top managers have substantial ownership interests.
• C)Academic studies do not support the notion that greater managerial ownership is associated with fewer value-reducing actions by managers.
• D)While increasing managerial ownership may reduce perquisite consumption,it also makes managers harder to fire-thus reducing the incentive effect of the threat of dismissal.

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Definitions:

External Social Cost

Costs of production or consumption that affect individuals not involved in the transaction, often unaccounted for by the market price.

Efficient Level

Describes a state where resources are allocated in the most effective manner, maximizing output and outcomes.

Marginal Social Benefit

The incremental advantage to the community from the consumption or production of an additional unit of a product or service.

Pollution

is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse changes, affecting air, water, and land quality detrimentally.