Examlex
An optically active D-aldopentose produced an optically active alditol upon treatment with NaBH4. When this aldopentose was subjected to a Ruff degradation, a D-aldotetrosewas generated. This aldotetrose gave an optically active aldaric acid upon oxidation with HNO3. Use these data to provide the structure of the starting D-aldopentose.
Exterior Surface Patterns
Designs or motifs applied to the outer surfaces of objects, buildings, or artworks, enhancing aesthetic appeal and sometimes conveying symbolic meanings.
Late Byzantine Period
The final era of the Byzantine Empire, spanning from the 13th century until the fall of Constantinople in 1453, characterized by political decline and cultural fluorescence.
Seljuk Turks
A major Islamic medieval dynasty originating from Central Asia, which played an important role in the history of the Middle East during the 11th and 12th centuries.
Michael VIII
Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos was the founder of the Palaiologan dynasty that ruled the Byzantine Empire from 1259 to 1453, known for restoring the Byzantine Empire's fortunes after the Latin Empire.
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