18% of a Population Are Infected with a Certain Disease

question 14

Multiple Choice

1.8% of a population are infected with a certain disease.There is a test for the disease,however the test is not completely accurate.94.2% of those who have the disease will test positive.However 4.8% of those who do not have the disease will also test positive (false positives) .What is the probability that a person who tests positive actually has the disease?

• A)0.360
• B)0.265
• C)0.942
• D)0.018
• E)0.735

Explain the processes of acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, stimulus generalization, and stimulus discrimination in classical conditioning.

Describe the principles of reinforcement schedules and their effects on behavior in operant conditioning.

Identify and distinguish between different types of reinforcements and their applications in shaping behavior.

Recognize the role and application of stimulus control in both operant and classical conditioning.

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Definitions:

Tax System Equity

The fairness of a tax system, assessed by how the tax burden is distributed among different groups in society.

Deadweight Losses

Economic inefficiencies that occur when the allocation of resources is not optimal, typically due to market imbalances or government interventions.

Tax

A compulsory financial charge or other type of levy imposed on a taxpayer by a governmental organization in order to fund government spending and various public expenditures.

Deadweight Loss

The loss of economic efficiency that occurs when the equilibrium for a good or a service is not achieved or is unattainable, leading to misallocation of resources.