Tests for Adverse Reactions to a New Drug Yielded the Results

question 6

Multiple Choice

Tests for adverse reactions to a new drug yielded the results given in the table.The data will be analyzed to determine if they provide sufficient evidence to conclude that an association exists between the treatment (drug or placebo) and the reaction (whether or not headaches were experienced) .

• A) : The distribution of headaches is different for the drug and the placebo. : The distribution of headaches is the same for the drug and the placebo.
• B) : The drug is related to the occurrence of headaches. : The drug is not related to the occurrence of headaches.
• C) : There is a relationship between the drug and occurrence of headaches. : There is no relationship between the drug and occurrence of headaches.
• D) : The occurrence of headaches is dependent upon the drug. : The occurrence of headaches is not dependent upon the drug.
• E) : The drug is independent from the occurrence of headaches. : The drug is not independent from the occurrence of headaches.

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Definitions:

Inferential Statistics

Statistical methods that allow researchers to make inferences or predictions about a population based on a sample of data.

Measures of Variation

Statistical tools used to describe the distribution or spread of a data set, including range, variance, and standard deviation.

Statistically Significant

A determination in statistical analysis that an observed difference or relationship is unlikely to have occurred by chance.

Sample Average

The arithmetic mean of a set of numerical values, calculated by adding them together and dividing by the number of samples.