Which of the Following Statements Is False

question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is false?

• A) By including more covenants, issuers increase their costs of borrowing.
• B) Once bonds are issued, equity holders have an incentive to increase dividends at the expense of debt holders.
• C) Covenants may restrict the level of further indebtedness and specify that the issuer must maintain a minimum amount of working capital.
• D) If the covenants are designed to reduce agency costs by restricting management's ability to take negative-NPV actions that exploit debt holders, then the reduction in the firm's borrowing cost can more than outweigh the cost of the loss of flexibility associated with covenants.

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Definitions:

Spontaneous Recovery

The reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response in classical conditioning.

Extinction

In behavioral psychology, the process by which a conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

CS

Short for Conditioned Stimulus, it is a previously neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.