A Researcher Was Interested in the Effects of Arousal and Personality

question 24

Essay

A researcher was interested in the effects of arousal and personality on individuals' GRE test performance.The personality variable he examined was individuals' level of introversion-extraversion.Based on questionnaire responses,each participant was classified as an "extravert" or an "introvert." The researcher manipulated arousal level by giving caffeine to participants prior to administering a practice GRE test.Participants were randomly assigned to a high-caffeine condition,a medium-caffeine condition,or the no-caffeine condition.All participants then completed a version of the quantitative portion of the GRE.
Suppose the researcher observed the following means for each group: Explain whether the following two statements are True or False based on the evidence in this experiment.
(1)We can predict individuals' quantitative GRE score if we know whether they are introverts or extraverts.
(2)Individuals' level of introversion or extraversion causes different performance on the quantitative GRE test.

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Definitions:

Three-Letter Sequences

In genetics, sequences of three nucleotides (triplets) in DNA or RNA that code for specific amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.

mRNA

Messenger RNA, a form of RNA responsible for transporting genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome, the site of protein synthesis.

tRNA

Transfer RNA; a type of RNA that helps decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein during protein synthesis.

rRNA

Ribosomal RNA, a type of RNA that, together with proteins, makes up the ribosome, the site of protein synthesis in cells.