A Researcher Was Interested in the Effects of Arousal and Personality

question 9

Essay

A researcher was interested in the effects of arousal and personality on individuals' GRE test performance.The personality variable he examined was individuals' level of introversion-extraversion.Based on questionnaire responses,each participant was classified as an "extravert" or an "introvert." The researcher manipulated arousal level by giving caffeine to participants prior to administering a practice GRE test.Participants were randomly assigned to a high-caffeine condition,a medium-caffeine condition,or the no-caffeine condition.All participants then completed a version of the quantitative portion of the GRE.
Suppose the researcher observed the following means for each group: The researcher claims that the Arousal and Group variables in this experiment are not relevant independent variables.State whether you agree or disagree with this statement,and explain your reasoning.

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Definitions:

Ethology

The scientific study of animal behavior, often with a focus on behaviors that are innate and observed in natural environments.

Biological Emphasis

An approach focusing on the genetic, neurological, and physical aspects of behavior and mental processes.

Freudian Theory

A psychological framework developed by Sigmund Freud that emphasizes unconscious motivations and conflicts as drivers of human behavior.

Population Density

The measure of the number of individuals living per unit area, often used to understand how crowded an area is.