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What Is the Substrate of the First Step in the Citric

question 26

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What is the substrate of the first step in the citric acid cycle?  


Definitions:

Chronic Inflammation

A long-term inflammatory response that can lead to tissue damage and may contribute to chronic diseases.

Cortisol Release

The process of the adrenal gland releasing cortisol, a steroid hormone, in response to stress or when blood sugar levels drop.

Life Expectancy

The average period that a person may expect to live, based on statistical averages of age, health, and other factors.

Smoker

An individual who regularly inhales smoke from burning substances, typically tobacco, as a habit or practice.

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