Which of These Research Findings Is Not True

question 19

Multiple Choice

Which of these research findings is not true?

• A)Blacconiere and Patten found that despite general falls in Indian chemical firms' share price after the Bhopal disaster,firms with more extensive environmental disclosures had less fall reaction.
• B)In their study Watts and Zimmerman argue that managers of large firms have greater incentives to reduce reported profits because of political factors.
• C)The results of DeFond and Jiambalvo's study of managers of firms that defaulted on their accounting-based debt covenants support the ex ante perspective of accounting policy choice.
• D)Godfrey and Jones found that managers of companies with highly unionised workforces attempted to affect the probability of wealth transfers by smoothing reported operating profit via the classification of recurring gains and losses.

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Definitions:

Immediate Marketing Environment

This refers to the factors directly influencing a company's capability to serve its customers, including suppliers, intermediaries, customers, competition, and the public.

Macroenvironment

The external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organization's decision-making, and affect its performance and strategies, such as economic, demographic, political/legal, social/cultural, technological, and environmental forces.

Fewer Components

A streamlined approach to product design or manufacturing that minimizes the number of parts used.

Generational Cohorts

Groups of people born in the same period who share similar cultural experiences, attitudes, and values.