Evaluate the Following Argument in Accordance with the Criteria Discussed

question 118

Short Answer

Evaluate the following argument in accordance with the criteria discussed in the text.
Researchers in New Zealand discovered that the tiny dilly fish, which inhabit the country's fresh water streams, apparently get either excited or afraid when water flows increase. During the course of three seasons they noticed that the small egg-layers swim faster and jump out of the water more frequently when water flows were higher-the more water that ran through the streams the more dilly fish they'd find stranded on the banks. [This is a fictitious experiment.]

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Definitions:

Non-Representative Sample

A sample that does not accurately reflect the broader population, potentially leading to biased results in research.

Control Group

In experimental research, the group that does not receive the treatment or intervention, serving as a comparison for measuring the effect of the treatment.

Experimenter Bias

The unintentional influence that a researcher can have on the results of a study, due to subjective expectations or desires regarding the outcome.

Self-Report Bias

A form of bias that occurs when respondents do not answer questions accurately due to misunderstanding, embarrassment, or deliberate falsehood.