Determine Whether the Following Symbolized Argument Is Valid or Invalid $\rarr$

question 40

Short Answer

Determine whether the following symbolized argument is valid or invalid.If invalid,provide a counterexample;if valid,construct a deduction.
(P $\rarr$ T)& S
S $\rarr$ T $\rarr$ R)
~R/ $\therefore$ ~T

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Definitions:

Fraud

Purposeful falsehood carried out to obtain personal advantages or to injure someone else.

Substantial Beginning

A substantial beginning refers to a significant amount of work or progress that has occurred, typically in the context of a project or endeavor.

Unenforceable

Refers to a term or contract that cannot legally be enforced by the courts due to various reasons such as violating law or being against public policy.

Complaint

A formal legal document that initiates a lawsuit, detailing the facts and legal reasons the plaintiff believes are sufficient to support a claim against the defendant.