The Order of Integration

question 28

Multiple Choice

The order of integration

• A)can never be zero.
• B)is the number of times that the series needs to be differenced for it to be stationary.
• C)is the value of φ₁ in the quasi difference(ΔY_t - φ₁Y_t-1).
• D)depends on the number of lags in the VAR specification.

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Definitions:

Unconscious Wishes

Desires or thoughts that an individual is not fully aware of but that influence emotions and behavior, stemming from Freud's psychoanalytic theory.

Defense Mechanisms

Psychological strategies employed by individuals to cope with reality and maintain self-image by unconsciously denying or distorting reality.

Repression

A defense mechanism in psychoanalytic theory where distressing thoughts and feelings are unconsciously blocked from conscious awareness.

Self-Esteem

A person's personal assessment of their value, including both their thoughts and feelings about themselves.