The Gauss-Markov Theorem for Multiple Regression Proves That
A)M_X Is $\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 }$

question 41

Multiple Choice

The Gauss-Markov theorem for multiple regression proves that

• A)M_X is an idempotent matrix.
• B)the OLS estimator is BLUE.
• C)the OLS residuals and predicted values are orthogonal.
• D)the variance-covariance matrix of the OLS estimator is \(\sigma _ { u } ^ { 2 }\) ( \(X ^ { \prime }\) X)^-1.

Understand the historical arguments for worker involvement in productivity and efficiency.

Identify the challenges and failures of innovation in worker involvement within unionized settings.

Recognize the global trend towards worker involvement in business decision-making.

Analyze the criticism of lean production practices.

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