The Human Tendency to Choose Information to Examine and Support

question 42

Multiple Choice

The human tendency to choose information to examine and support a view they already hold and ignore data that might refute their hypothesis is known as a ________.

• A) confirmation bias
• B) optimism bias
• C) congruence bias
• D) distinction bias

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Definitions:

ABA Design

An experimental design in which participants first experience the baseline condition (A), then the intervention or treatment (B), and finally return to the baseline (A) to assess change.

Reversibility

The ability of a process or condition to be reversed or returned to its original state.

Quasi-experimental Designs

Research designs that attempt to establish a cause-and-effect relationship but lack random assignment to groups.

Random Assignment

Random assignment is a method used in experiments to assign participants or subjects to different groups in a way that is completely by chance, ensuring the groups are statistically similar in all respects at the start of the experiment.