Which of the Following Statements Is False

question 19

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is false?

• A) The United States is somewhat of an exception, in that it focuses solely on maximizing shareholder welfare.
• B) A controlling family has many opportunities to expropriate minority shareholders in a pyramid structure.
• C) One way for families to gain control over firms even when they do not own more than half the shares is to issue dual class shares-a scenario in which companies have more than one class of shares and one class has superior voting rights over the other class.
• D) Researchers have claimed that the degree of investor protection was largely determined by the legal origin of the country-specifically, whether its legal system was based on British common law (less protection) or French, German, and Scandinavian civil law (more protection).

---

Definitions:

Null Hypothesis

In statistics, a statement suggesting that there is no significant effect or difference, and any observed deviation is due to random chance.

Chi-Squared Test

A statistical test used to determine if a significant relationship exists between two categorical variables by comparing observed and expected frequencies.

Contingency Table

A table used in statistics to summarize the distribution of two categorical variables, showing the frequency at which certain combinations of the variables occur.

Alternative Hypothesis

The hypothesis that there is a significant difference between groups or conditions, as opposed to the null hypothesis.