An Unfavorable Sales Volume Variance in Operating Income Suggests A(n)

question 3

Multiple Choice

An unfavorable sales volume variance in operating income suggests a(n) :

• A) increase in volume.
• B) decrease in volume.
• C) increase in variable expenses per unit.
• D) decrease in fixed costs.

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Definitions:

Reinforcement

The process of increasing the likelihood of a behavior by following it with a positive consequence or removing a negative one.

Variable-interval Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement where rewards are given after an unpredictable amount of time has passed, leading to a steady, moderate response rate.

Reinforcement

A process in operant conditioning where a behavior is strengthened by the outcome that follows it, whether it is a reward (positive reinforcement) or the removal of a negative condition (negative reinforcement).

DRH Schedule

Differential Reinforcement of High rates of behavior is a schedule of reinforcement where high rates of a specific behavior are reinforced.