Examlex
The text identifies three methods for estimating the cost of common stock from reinvested earnings (not newly issued stock): the CAPM method,the dividend growth method,and the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium method.Since we cannot be sure that the estimate obtained with any of these methods is correct,it is often appropriate to use all three methods,then consider all three estimates,and end up using a judgmental estimate when calculating the WACC.
Operating Expenses
Costs associated with the day-to-day operations of a business, such as rent, utilities, and salaries, excluding the cost of goods sold.
Cost of Goods Sold
The direct costs attributed to the production of goods sold by a business, including materials and labor.
Net Sales
The revenue a company generates from sales after deducting returns, allowances for damaged or missing goods, and discounts.
Vertical Analysis
A technique for analyzing financial statements where every item under the three key account categories (assets, liabilities, and equity) on a balance sheet is shown as a percentage of the total for each category.
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