Examlex
Which of the following should be monitored during the sampling of arterial blood?
I.blood pressure proximal to puncture site
II.presence of pulsatile blood return
III.presence of air bubbles or clots in sample
IV.appearance of puncture site
Foreign Substances
Materials or particles that are not recognized as part of the body, often invoking an immune response.
MAC
Membrane attack complex (MAC) is a structure formed on the surface of pathogenic bacteria as part of the immune system's response, leading to the lysis of these cells.
Cytokines
A broad category of small proteins that are important in cell signaling, released by cells and affecting the behavior of other cells, and often acting as immunomodulating agents.
Opsonization
A process in which pathogens are marked for ingestion and destruction by phagocytes.
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