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If the long-run average total cost curve is downward-sloping, then the firm is experiencing decreasing returns to scale.
Standard Deviation
A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values, indicating how much the values deviate from the mean.
Reliability Analysis
A systematic approach to studying the performance and reliability of systems, components, or products to identify ways to decrease the probability of failure.
Redundancy
The duplication of critical components or functions of a system with the intention of increasing reliability of the system, ensuring availability.
State-Mandated
Regulations or requirements imposed by state authorities.
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